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Aerodynamics simulation (CFD)

Customer: Various customers

Project tasks

​During the development process or during modernisation, aerodynamic influences such as crosswind or vehicle air conditioning of a vehicle must be assessed. Often the final verification requires investigations in a wind tunnel or climatic wind tunnel. However, CFD (Computational fluid dynamics) simulations are ideal for an initial assessment and optimisation, as they generally provide reliable results at significantly lower cost.

Analyses:

  • Crosswind stability (aero-dynamic coefficients and wind characteristics curves) according to EN 14067-6
  • Climatic studies and thermal comfort

Our Approach

Crosswind assessment according to EN 14067-6

The EN 14067-6 provides for the evaluation of crosswind with aerodynamic coefficients, which can be obtained either by wind tunnel tests or by CFD simulations. PROSE can determine these coefficients by CFD simulations and derive characteristic wind curves. The influence of the vehicle design on the crosswind stability can be considered in the design phase. In the case of changes to the vehicle exterior shape during conversions, the influence can be assessed and in the case of minor changes, proof of crosswind stability can also be provided.

Investigation of vehicle air conditioning

CFD simulations allow first estimations for climatic-technical investigations according to European standards, which are based on tests in the climatic wind tunnel. An optimisation with CFD simulations within the scope of the design of the air conditioning system generates additional safety and can avoid costly adjustments and repetitions of measurements in the climatic wind tunnel.

Customer benefit

PROSE can support you during the development process or during a modernisation with CFD simulations to reduce costs and risks of wind tunnel and climatic wind tunnel tests.

 

 

Optimisation of the heavy overhaul program for the Tram “Cobra”

Customer: Verkehrsbetriebe Zürich, Switzerland

Project tasks

  • Development of an evaluation matrix based on the VBZ vehicle structure
  • Determining which measures are to be implemented within the framework of R3
  • Development of a project manual applicable to the project

Our Approach

PROSE develops an evaluation matrix based on the VBZ vehicle structure so that it can be determined which measures should be implemented within the framework of R3. The evaluation matrix contains criteria according to which the measures can be evaluated, including an evaluation. PROSE is developing a project manual applicable to the CR3 project. The focus is on the definition of the different phases including their objectives, duration and contents. It also explains which project participants and stakeholders should be involved, when and how, and how responsibilities should be defined.

Customer benefit

The methodology and tooling provided by PROSE in the first phase enables VBZ to efficiently plan and implement Revision 3 and the life extension measures. The evaluation matrix enables VBZ to make informed decisions about which measures should be implemented as part of R3. This helps to use resources effectively and to keep the trams in the best possible condition. The project manual is the basis for VBZ to implement the Cobra tram overhaul and service life extension project in a structured and effective way, resulting in cost savings and efficiency gains.

     

Specifications for emission-free power supply for construction sites

Customer: SBB AG, Switzerland

Project tasks

  • Review and evaluation of the requirements from the specification sheet
  • Discussion and agreement of the commented requirements in a workshop
  • Identification of the requirements that require a risk assessment
  • Creation of a risk assessment
  • Transfer of the requirements into a requirements management system (ReqSuite®)
  • Individual assessment and binding of the requirements

Our Approach

PROSE has drawn up a questionnaire based on these specifications in the sense of “Does a manufacturer have sufficient information? Are the requirements sufficient for the product to be used by SBB”. PROSE checked and evaluated the requirements from the existing specification. The annotated requirements specification was discussed and agreed upon together in a workshop and the requirements requiring a risk assessment were identified. Subsequently, a risk assessment was prepared. The requirements were transferred from the developed basis into a requirements management system (ReqSuite®). The requirements were evaluated individually and given a binding nature in order to evaluate offers received in the subsequent call for tenders.

The requirements specification was then converted into a format that SBB could import into its requirements management system (Polarion®).

Customer benefit

The client received a specification sheet with comments and a supporting questionnaire that allowed him to formulate the requirements more precisely and comprehensibly. Testing, evaluation and identification of requirements that require risk consideration contribute to quality assurance and minimise potential risks in the project. The risk consideration and the binding nature of the requirements enable better preparation for the tender, which improves the quality of the incoming offers. The conversion of the requirements specification into a compatible format for SBB’s requirements management system ensures a smooth integration and use of the requirements by the customer.

 

MBS simulation – trailer load with container car

Customer: Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn AG, Switzerland

Project tasks

  • Compilation and preparation of parameters for modelling and simulation
  • Determination of the braking scenario to be considered
  • Creation of a multi-body simulation model (MBS model) of the cogwheel supporting wagon to be investigated as well as of the coupled train configuration
  • Execution and evaluation of the simulation
  • Documentation in a verification report

Our Approach

PROSE is to prove by simulation that derailment safety is given with the new requirements and to develop a set of arguments that can be submitted to the BAV to adapt the driving service regulation.

In a first step, PROSE compiled all the parameters required for modelling and simulation on the basis of customer data. Subsequently, the braking scenario was determined and agreed with the customer. PROSE created the multi-body simulation model (MBS model) of the container car in the required modelling depth. The overall model of the train set included a simplified MBS model of the necessary vehicles for the combinations to be verified in addition to the carrying car to be investigated. PROSE simulated the operationally most critical cases and recorded the results and evaluation of the simulations in a verification report for the attention of the approval authority.

Customer benefit

The customer received a verification report for the approval documentation, which clearly and comprehensibly documents the mathematical proof of safety against derailment of the cogwheel carrier car. On the basis of the proof, the customer was able to obtain the adjustment of the driving service regulation from the BAV.

   

Mechanical design and system integration

Customer: Various customers

Project tasks

  • Development projects:
    • Complete bogie design according to EN 15085
    • Complete car body design according to EN 15085
    • Interior and layout design
    • System integration (e.g. doors, brake system, HVAC, coupler etc.)
  • Vehicle modernisation projects:
    • Interior design
    • Layout concepts
    • System integration (e.g. ATC, infotainment system, magnetic rail brake, air conditioning system etc.)
  • Niche development projects (e.g. gauge changing and rack railway bogie, people mover or magnetic levitation systems etc.)
  • Structural bonding & welding competences:
    • Bonding according to DIN 6701-3 (A1) / EN 17460
    • Welding according to EN 15085-2 (CL 1)

Our Approach

Our focus is on the manufacturability and maintainability of a vehicle. We offer thought-through solutions in all our de-signs. We remain in direct exchange with our customer to ensure that the design process can be finished in a short time.

Customer benefit

With 3D model views we give visual answers to your ideas or thoughts. We have an agile way of working and can ensure that your feedback is shaping the visual idea and helping to complete it. Already in an early stage of the design process, the PROSE designer team ensures that the concept design is feasible. Our flexibility makes us respond to your requests at very short notice. We offer the complete batch of documentation for procurement and manufacturing.

 

Support with Assembly Line Layout – PRIMA Mid-Life Overhaul

Customer: AKIEM, France

Project tasks

  • Project Management
  • Concept & Development
  • Workshop Layout
  • Industrial engineering of mid-life overhaul of railway equipment

Our Approach

Akiem decided to transfer production to an industrial partner during the construction and commissioning of Akiem Technik’s site in Ostricourt as part of the PRIMA Mid-Life Overhaul (MLO) project. It is important that Akiem has an efficient industrial production facility in order to be able to ramp up production of mid-life operations on PRIMA locomotives in 2023 at the earliest. It is, therefore, necessary to set up an effective industrial production in the partner’s workshops.

We provided Akiem with our expertise and knowledge of workshop layout, and made sure they had the support needed at every stage of the process. The aim was to define all the production resources required for this modernisation project, and to ensure that the customer met their production rate targets. Keeping efficiency in the workshops and delivering productive solutions.

Customer benefit

PROSE has a long experience in assisting realisation and implementation of industrial layouts in the context of mid-life overhaul of rail vehicles. We can ensure the optimised flow of vehicles by developing the workload plan per workstation and the balancing of the workstations. The supply chain aspect and the management of logistics flows are integrated into the overall study. Making sure our customers get the best solution possible.

 

   

Assistance to the project owner for the renewal of contracts for the regional interurban public transport network

Customer: Région SUD , France

Project tasks

  • Project management
  • Provision of techno-commercial advice

Our Approach

Background: In the context of the evolution of the future scope of scheduled services, and considering the adoption of the Law of 24 December 2019, “Orientations des Mobilités”, the Transport Organizing Authority (AOT), the Southern Region defines its service offering.
The Region needed to strengthen these capacities in the face of the procedures for renewing contracts for the regional interurban public transport network in the Alpes de Haute-Provence region and the reorganisation of the Regional Express Lines in the areas concerned.

Approach: PROSE joined forces as a consortium to respond to this call for tenders. The consortium, led by the company Trans-missions, is made up of PROSE for its expertise in rolling stock, but also Tractebel for the infrastructure part.

Customer benefit

PROSE is supporting the South Region in the preparation, development and negotiation of a new operating agreement with SNCF Voyageurs. Our profound expertise in rolling stock empowers us to provide valuable advice for enhancing the terms of the operational monitoring contract. We focus on critical aspects such as reliability clauses, availability assurances, and proactive obsolescence monitoring. In the field of maintenance, PROSE’s expertise is made available for an accurate assessment of the advertised costs.

In the pursuit of the opening of regional passenger rail lines to competition, PROSE provides technical assistance on the new calls for tenders to come., Our technical expertise is poised to address critical areas, including:

  • ERTMS installation
  • Rolling stock maintenance
  • Sustainable development
  • Technical sizing of maintenance and siding sites, etc.

 

   

Re-design studies of the PRIMA BB27000 and BB37000 locomotives

Customer: AKIEM, France

Project tasks

  • Pre-studies (feasibility study and budget estimate on different topics)
  • Electrical and mechanical integration studies
  • Replacement of the headlights with LED headlights
  • Integration of a socket with USB ports in the driver’s cab.
  • Modification of existing circuit diagrams
  • Design of integration plans and schemes
  • Creation of an operating and an assembly manual
  • Budget estimate to modify the entire PRIMA fleet of AKIEM
  • Supply of prototype parts and support for its integration
  • Carrying out the procedure and the test report
  • Updating of documents after the integration of the prototype and the realisation of tests, if necessary
  • Provision of the purchase specifications of the parts for the series
  • Impact assessment of the amendment

Our Approach

To carry out all pre-studies and studies, PROSE has set up an internal organisation:

  • Project Manager / Coordinator
  • Electrical Engineers
  • Mechanical Design Engineer
  • Expert in change impact analysis

PROSE worked in collaboration with AKIEM to provide the best possible solution in the shortest possible lead time.

Customer benefit

Thanks to our expertise in the field of rolling stock and our engineering department with its various competence centres, PROSE was able to offer our best services to propose modifications and carry out innovations on the locomotives.

 

Wheelset torsional vibration

Customer: Various customers

Project tasks

  • Basic assessment of the vehicle’s wheelset torsional dynamics
  • Analytical estimation for dimensioning the wheelset shaft and, if necessary, other components
  • Multibody simulations for a more detailed analysis for optimization
  • Consulting and support for homologation measurements and support for documentation for homologation.

Our Approach

PROSE accompanies the entire, or single sections of the process chain, from the pre-design of the wheelset shaft over the optimization of the mechanical components up to the execution
of the homologation measurements for the determination of the maximum, dynamic torsional moment. By means of analytical and conceptual investigations, a fundamental assessment of the wheelset torsional dynamics of the vehicle is already carried out in advance, taking into account the dimensioning of the wheelset, the powertrain configuration and drive systems. Based on the preliminary investigations, in-depth analyses are carried out in consultation with the customer using multibody simulation models. On the one hand, these investigations limit
the maximum dynamic torsional moment to be expected, indicate the component loads to be expected and, at the same time, describe other dynamic properties of the driveline. Considering the existing driveline configuration, its design properties are optimized in such a way that the mechanical damping of the first torsional eigenmode of the wheelset is increased, thereby reducing the maximum dynamic torsional moment. The results of the analyses provide relevant information for the system analysis required for certification, which describes the wheelset torsional dynamics of the vehicle. In addition, the analyses are used to determine the vehicle configurations critical for planning and performing the homologation measurements. Finally, the maximum dynamic torsional moment is determined with metrological tests on the vehicle.

Customer benefit

The analyses carried out help the customer to minimize risks in the approval of the wheelsets. The preliminary investigations enable realistic time and cost planning up to the approval of
the wheelsets. The in-depth analyses and component optimizations reduce the stresses caused by torsional vibrations and prevent damage to safety-relevant components during operation. Finally, the identification of critical operating conditions significantly reduces and secures the scope of the homologation measurement.

 

Centralising the ICN tilting train maintenance – Variant study for maintenance work in a short shop

Customer: SBB Passenger Traffic, Switzerland

Project tasks

  • Project management
  • Variant assessment
  • Operating and production concept
  • Compilation of profitability calculation

Our Approach

Together with various SBB organisations and several specialist planners (L2A Architekten AG, Technisches Büro K.N.O.L.L. GmbH, Wiederkehr und Villiger AG and Fahrgrund AG), 12 variants were developed in the greater Biel area and evaluated operationally, technically, and economically. Planning documents, a cost estimate, a possible schedule, and the corresponding application documentation for the decision-making process within SBB were prepared for the best variant. In addition, a recommendation was made for further procedures, including the risk assessment for the subsequent phases.

Customer benefit

With the wealth of experience of the people involved, the possibilities at the Biel site could be quickly and efficiently identified and evaluated. The option of additional roof work was subsequently integrated due to the consideration of the entire production concept.

 

Strength analysis (FEA simulation)

Customer: various customers

Project tasks

Development of verification concepts and load assumptions as well as performance of calculations and simulations for:

  • Car bodies according to e.g. EN 12663
  • Bogies and wheelsets according to e.g. EN 13749, EN 13261
  • Streetcars and metros according to VDV 152
  • Attachment parts according to EN 61373
  • General load assumptions from calculations, measurements and simulations for e.g. special vehicles

Static, fatigue and time strength assessment:

  • Base material and weld seams according to FKM Guideline
  • Fatigue of steel according to Eurocode 3 DIN EN 1993-1-9 and BS 7608
  • Weld seam evaluation according to DVS 1612 / DVS 1608 and IIW recommendation
  • Screw connection according to DIN 25202:1-6, VDI 2230 and Eurocode 3 DIN EN 1993-1-8
  • Cylindrical helical spring according to EN 13906

Further analyses:

  • Nonlinear and crash analyses
  • Heat transfer analyses
  • Topological optimizations
  • Eigenvalue analyses
  • Stability analyses
  • Damage analyses and repair solutions

Our Approach

Depending on the customer’s specifications, PROSE carries out strength analyses in parallel with the design in its own development team or works directly with the customer’s team. PROSE covers the entire range of the analysis from the development of the load assumptions to the modelling to the efficient execution of the calculations and simulations as well as the evaluation of the results. Based on the strength analyses, PROSE can prepare test specifications for structural tests, accompany tests and, if required, validate the strength model with the evaluation. PROSE engineers have interdisciplinary know-how also in non-railway specific problems. Furthermore, PROSE also takes over the coaching of simulation processes and supports as a neutral consultant.

Customer benefit

Through the early use of strength analyses in the design process, weak points are identified and eliminated at an early stage, costly test series are avoided and the quality of the product is decisively improved. In addition to a qualified calculation, PROSE attaches great importance to the interpretation and presentation of the results required for the customer, including explanations and, if necessary, documentation relevant for approval. Due to its great flexibility, PROSE can respond to customer requests at very short notice

        

Evaluation of offers for new KVG tram vehicles

Customer: Kasseler Verkehrs-Gesellschaft, Germany

Project tasks

  • Answering bidders’ technical questions
  • Support during the presentation of the workshop infrastructure to the bidders
  • Development of criteria for the evaluation-relevant requirements
  • Evaluation of the indicative offers regarding the fulfilment of the technical specifications
  • Preparing, assisting, and recording negotiations
  • Evaluation of binding offers regarding the fulfilment of the technical specification

Our Approach

PROSE assists the Kasseler Verkehrs-Gesellschaft (KVG) with technical expertise from the time of publication of the tender until the award of the contract. KVG was supported particularly in the priority areas of:

  • Answering bidders’ questions
  • Bid evaluation and
  • Support during bidder discussions

Based on the technical specifications, which were developed with the support of PROSE, the bidders’ questions were answered. PROSE established a small agile team for the bid evaluation, which started the intensive and systematic evaluation after receipt of the bids. The team was engaged in the same composition for the indicative as well as for the binding offers. In addition to adhering to the demanding schedule, this required close coordination with the KVG project team. At a joint workshop on-site in Kassel, the bidder discussions were prepared, and criteria for the evaluation-relevant requirements were developed.

Customer benefit

The customer can benefit from broad and independent expert support by PROSE:

  • Reduced binding of own resources for the development of the requirement specification.
  • Supplementing own technical knowledge with external knowledge for the general vehicle concept and the associated subsystems and components
  • Drawing on experience from PROSE’s broad pool of experts
  • Fast, structured and always comprehensible processing of the evaluation of almost 2000 requirements and 200 offer documents
  • Support in the preparation of the award decision

   

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